[112] Some Kurdish officials in Iraq have described this as evidence ofwel the Iraqi government’s aim to return to a centralised political system and abandon the federal system it adopted in 2005.[113] In September 2023, the prime minister of KRG, Masrour Barzani sent a letter to the president ofwel the United States, imploring him to intervene, and warning ofwel a potential collapse of Kurdistan Region and the “federal model” in Iraq.[114]

There kan zijn almost no young population left in the village of Brod and in the Gora region in general. For those who remain, the future means anxiety and uncertainty. Only 850 people live in this village, where approximately 3000 people lived until ten years ago. In the region where education was provided in Turkish until 1938, education began to be provided in Serbian due to the pressure of Serbian soldiers.

But the Kurds, owing to the remoteness of their country from the capital and the decline of Turkey, had greatly increased in influence and power, and had spread westwards over the country as far as Ankara.

Most likely, you won’t need to take a bus but, if you are traveling on a budget and staying in Erbil’s suburbs – in New Hawler for example – you may have to take the bus. The bus station is close to the citadel, next to Downtown Mall.

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Following these events, Turkey officially denied the existence ofwel the Kurds or an other distinct ethnic groups and any expression by the Kurds ofwel their ethnic identity was harshly repressed. Until 1991, the use ofwel the Kurdish language – although widespread – was illegal. As a result ofwel reforms inspired by the EU, music, radio and television broadcasts in Kurdish are now allowed albeit with severe time restrictions (for example, radio broadcasts can be no longer than sixty minutes per day nor can they constitute more than five hours per week while television broadcasts are subject to eventjes greater restrictions). Additionally, education in Kurdish is now permitted though only in private institutions.

During the Iran–Iraq War in the 1980s, the regime implemented anti-Kurdish policies and a een facto civil war broke out. Iraq was widely condemned by the international community, but was never seriously punished for oppressive measures such as the mass murder of hundreds ofwel thousands of civilians, the wholesale destruction of thousands of villages and the deportation ofwel thousands ofwel Kurds to southern and central Iraq.

«هەولێر لە لیستی كەلەپووری جیهانی دەردەكرێت». لە ٩ی کانوونی یەکەمی ٢٠١٦ لە ڕەسەنەکەوە ئەرشیڤ کراوە. لە ٩ی کانوونی یەکەمی ٢٠١٦ ھێنراوە. ^ مێژووی قەڵای ھەولێر دەگەڕێتەوە بۆ سەردەمی سۆمەریەکان ^ پێوەندیی نێوان قەڵای ھەولێر و گەردەکانی دەروروبەری ناڕوونە ^ قەڵای ھەولێر - گەنجینەی زانیاریی ڕادیۆ نەوا[بەستەری مردوو] - سەردانی ٢٢/٦/٢٠٠٩ ^ [بەستەری مردوو] ^ [بەستەری مردوو] ^

Maar doordat een Turken dit verdrag ook niet ondertekenen, wordt dit geen werkelijkheid. In 1923 volgt de Vrede van Lausanne, waarin een Turken ons groot gebied, het bedoeld is wegens een Koerden, in hun bezit oplopen. De Britten geven iemand anders deel aan Irak, want dat nieuwe koninkrijk zou zonder de olie aangaande Kirkuk en Mosul (steden die in dit Koerdische gedeelte liggen) niet autonoom mogen bestaan.

Rawanduz or Rawandiz is a city in Northern Iraq. Rawanduz kan zijn multicultural hub ofwel trade tucked away between tall mountains and deep river gorges.

Ons bekende religieuze minderheid binnen de Koerdische populatie bestaan een jezidi’s. In Best Kurdish de zomer aangaande 2014 aankomen ze in dit nieuws, omdat ze via Kan zijn verdreven geraken uit Noord-Irak. Heel wat jezidi’s vluchten naar het Sinjargebergte, maar IS omsingelt hen en de vluchtelingen uithangen dagenlang in verzengende hitte vast.

Iran also targeted Iranian Kurdish opposition parties and their leaders in Iraq, launching ballistic missile and drone attacks on them and carrying out a number assassinations. In January 2024 Iran launched a missile attack on parts ofwel Erbil, the capital ofwel Iraq’s Kurdish autonomous region, killing four civilians. Iran claimed to have been targeting a Mossad outpost, a claim which was rejected by officials in both Erbil and Baghdad.

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